Juniper berries are not actually berries but fleshy seed cones produced by evergreen juniper shrubs (Juniperus communis). It takes at least two years for the cones to ripen, and they are harvested, usually by hand, when they turn bluish black. The cones — or “berries” — are then dried and used whole or ground as a spice.

Best known as the flavoring for gin, juniper berries and juniper berry powder have a sharp, piney aroma and a bold, slightly resinous and bitter flavor. The spice especially complements the meaty cuisines favored in Scandinavia and Germany and is often used in spice rubs, brines, and marinades. Juniper berry powder can also be used to smoke meats and cheeses and is popular in incense blends.

Juniper has diuretic properties, and the powder can be encapsulated for use as a dietary supplement for short periods of time. Juniper berry powder has the potential to treat urinary tract infections, high blood pressure and premenstrual syndrome.